Table of standard entropy of substances
Tables show values of standard entropy (1013.25hPa, 298K) of various chemical substances.

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liquids#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
acetone(CH3)2CO294.65
glycerinC3H5(OH)3206
ethanolC2H5OH282.32
water 25°CH2O69.96
cyclohexaneC6H12297.95
methanolCH3OH218.57
ethylene glycolC2H4(OH)2166.9
phenolC6H5OH315.3
formic acidHCOOH248.5
lactic acidCH3CH(OH)COOH192
acetate acidCH3COOH282.23
propionic acidCH3CH2COOH191
benzaldehydeC6H5COH221.2
methylamineCH3NH2242.36
phenylamine (aniline)C6H5NH2191.6
benzeneC6H6268.94
tolueneC6H5CH3320.26
orthoxyleneC6H4(CH3)2244
metaxyleneC6H4(CH3)2252
paraxyleneC6H4(CH3)2253
chlorobenzeneC6H5Cl194.1
bromobenzeneC6H5Br207.9
pyridineC5H5N179
diethyl ethere(C2H5)2O253.5
nitromethaneCH3NO2172
nitrobenzeneC6H5NO2224
ethyl acetateCH3COOC2H5362.41
styreneC6H5CHCH2344.77
n-pentaneC5H12348.61
acetaldehydeCH3CHO263.97
n-octaneC8H18360
butter acidCH3CH2CH2COOH225.3
pyrroleC4H5N156.4
acetonitrileC2H3N100.4
acetylacetoneC5H8O2261.4
benzyl alcoholC7H8O216.7
benzonitrileC7H5N134.4
acetic anhydrideC4H6O3268.2
bromoethaneC2H5Br194.9
methyl methacrylateC5H8O2265
N-methylanilineC7H9N224.3
methyl formateC2H4O2189.6

alcohols#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
ethanolC2H5OH282.32
methanolCH3OH218.57
ethylene glycolC2H4(OH)2166.9
benzyl alcoholC7H8O216.7

other inorganic#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
ammoniaNH3192.41
rhombic sulfurS832.05
urea (carbonyl diamide)CO(NH2)2104.6

gases#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
ammoniaNH3192.41
methaneCH4186.26
nitrogenN2191.32
carbon dioxideCO2213.47
hydrogen chlorideHCl186.6
hydrogen cyanideHCN201.52
hydrogen fluorideHF173.51
hydrogen sulfurideH2S205.57
ethylamineC2H5NH2284.57
ethaneC2H6229.27
propaneC3H8269.65
n-buthaneC4H10309.82
ethene (ethylene)C2H4219.24
ethyneC2H2200.64
chloromethaneCH3Cl234.25
formaldehyde (methanal)HCHO218.57
nitrogen (II) oxideNO210.46
nitrogen (IV) oxideNO2239.72
sulfur (IV) oxideSO2247.87
sulfur (VI) oxideSO3255.77
chlorineCl2222.75
hydrogenH2130.46
oxygenO2204.82
steamH2O188.56
propheneC3H6266.68
vinyl chloride (chloroethene)CH2CHCl263.93
fluorineF2202.52
bromochlorofluoroiodomethaneCBrCIFI353.4
bromomethaneCH3Br246
1,3-butadienC4H6278.7
chloroethaneC2H5Cl275.7
methanethiolCH4S255.2

hydrocarbons#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
methaneCH4186.26
cyclohexaneC6H12297.95
ethaneC2H6229.27
propaneC3H8269.65
n-buthaneC4H10309.82
ethene (ethylene)C2H4219.24
ethyneC2H2200.64
benzeneC6H6268.94
tolueneC6H5CH3320.26
orthoxyleneC6H4(CH3)2244
metaxyleneC6H4(CH3)2252
paraxyleneC6H4(CH3)2253
styreneC6H5CHCH2344.77
propheneC3H6266.68
n-pentaneC5H12348.61
n-octaneC8H18360
naphthaleneC10H8167
antraceneC14H10207.5
1,3-butadienC4H6278.7

oxides#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
carbon dioxideCO2213.47
carbon monoxideCO197.71
nitrogen (II) oxideNO210.46
nitrogen (IV) oxideNO2239.72
sulfur (IV) oxideSO2247.87
sulfur (VI) oxideSO3255.77
iron (II) oxideFeO56.1
iron (II) iron (III) oxideFe3O146.4
iron (III) oxideFe2O390
aluminium oxideAl2O351
calcium oxideCaO39.7

inorganic acids#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
hydrogen chlorideHCl186.6
hydrogen cyanideHCN201.52
hydrogen fluorideHF173.51
hydrogen sulfurideH2S205.57
sulfurous (VI) acidH2SO4156.71

phenols#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
phenolC6H5OH315.3

carboxylic acids#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
formic acidHCOOH248.5
lactic acidCH3CH(OH)COOH192
oxalic acid(COOH)2115.6
acetate acidCH3COOH282.23
propionic acidCH3CH2COOH191
salicylic acidOHC6H4COOH178.3
benzoic acidC6H5COOH167.6
butter acidCH3CH2CH2COOH225.3
palmitic acidC15H31COOH452.4
stearic acidC17H35COOH436
succinic acidHOOC(CH2)2COOH167.3
fumaric acidHOOCCHCHCOOH168
maleic acidHOOCCHCHCOOH160.8
phthalic acidC6H4(COOH)2207.9

solids#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
oxalic acid(COOH)2115.6
salicylic acidOHC6H4COOH178.3
benzoic acidC6H5COOH167.6
naphthaleneC10H8167
antraceneC14H10207.5
palmitic acidC15H31COOH452.4
stearic acidC17H35COOH436
succinic acidHOOC(CH2)2COOH167.3
fumaric acidHOOCCHCHCOOH168
maleic acidHOOCCHCHCOOH160.8
phthalic acidC6H4(COOH)2207.9
urea (carbonyl diamide)CO(NH2)2104.6
acetamideCH3CONH2115
ß-D-glucoseC6H12O6212.1
saccharoseC12H22O11360
phthalic anhydrideC8H4O3179.5
biphenylC12H10206
glycineC2H5NO2109.2
citric acidC6H8O7252.1
sodium acetateC2H3O2Na123

other organic#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
benzaldehydeC6H5COH221.2
chloromethaneCH3Cl234.25
chlorobenzeneC6H5Cl194.1
bromobenzeneC6H5Br207.9
pyridineC5H5N179
diethyl ethere(C2H5)2O253.5
formaldehyde (methanal)HCHO218.57
nitromethaneCH3NO2172
nitrobenzeneC6H5NO2224
vinyl chloride (chloroethene)CH2CHCl263.93
acetaldehydeCH3CHO263.97
pyrroleC4H5N156.4
acetamideCH3CONH2115
ß-D-glucoseC6H12O6212.1
saccharoseC12H22O11360
acetonitrileC2H3N100.4
acetylacetoneC5H8O2261.4
benzonitrileC7H5N134.4
phthalic anhydrideC8H4O3179.5
acetic anhydrideC4H6O3268.2
biphenylC12H10206
bromochlorofluoroiodomethaneCBrCIFI353.4
bromoethaneC2H5Br194.9
bromomethaneCH3Br246
chloroethaneC2H5Cl275.7
glycineC2H5NO2109.2
citric acidC6H8O7252.1
methyl methacrylateC5H8O2265
methanethiolCH4S255.2
N-methylanilineC7H9N224.3

amines#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
methylamineCH3NH2242.36
ethylamineC2H5NH2284.57
phenylamine (aniline)C6H5NH2191.6

esters#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
ethyl acetateCH3COOC2H5362.41
methyl formateC2H4O2189.6

halogens#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
chlorineCl2222.75
fluorineF2202.52

other materials#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
graphiteC5.68

salts#

SubstanceMolecular formulaStandard entropy S0
sodium acetateC2H3O2Na123

Some facts#

  • Entropy is a measure of disorder.
  • Statistical thermodynamics defines the entropy of a system in the following way:
    S=k ln(W)S = k\ ln(W)
    where:
    • k - Boltzman's constant,
    • W - the number of ways in which the macroscopic thermodynamic state of the system can be realized through microscopic states.
  • Entropy is a dimensionless quantity.
  • Standard entropy of the substance refers to so-called standard conditions i.e. pressure 1013.25 hPa and temperature 25 °C.
  • Basing on the the standard entropies of all substrates and products, it is possible to determine the entropy of chemical reaction:
    ΔS=Sprod.Ssubst.=nprod.,iSprod.,insubst.,iSsubst.,i\Delta S = S_{prod.} - S_{subst.} = \sum {n_{prod., i} S_{prod., i}} - \sum {n_{subst., i} S_{subst., i}}
    where:
    • ΔS\Delta S - entropy of chemical reaction,
    • Sprod.S_{prod.} - entropy of products,
    • Ssubst.S_{subst.} - entropy of substrates,
    • nprod.,in_{prod., i} - the stoichiometric factor of the i-th product resulting from the reaction equation,
    • nsubst.,in_{subst., i} - the stoichiometric ratio of the i-th substrate resulting from the reaction equation,
    • Sprod.,iS_{prod., i} - entropy of i-th product,
    • Ssubst.,iS_{subst., i} - entropy of i-th substract.

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