Beta version#
BETA TEST VERSION OF THIS ITEM
This online calculator is currently under heavy development. It may or it may NOT work correctly.
You CAN try to use it. You CAN even get the proper results.
However, please VERIFY all results on your own, as the level of completion of this item is NOT CONFIRMED.
Feel free to send any ideas and comments !
This online calculator is currently under heavy development. It may or it may NOT work correctly.
You CAN try to use it. You CAN even get the proper results.
However, please VERIFY all results on your own, as the level of completion of this item is NOT CONFIRMED.
Feel free to send any ideas and comments !
Flame test#
| Element symbol | Element name | Flame color (name) | Flame color (preview) |
| Li | lithium | red-cherry | |
| Na | sodium | yellow-orange | |
| K | potassium | mauve | |
| Rb | rubidium | pink-red | |
| Cs | cesium | blue-red | |
| Ca | calcium | brick-red | |
| Sr | strontium | crimson | |
| Ba | barium | green-yellow | |
| Ra | radium | carmine-red | |
| Ga | gallium | blue | |
| In | indium | indigo | |
| Tl | tallium | pale green | |
| B | boron | yellow-green | |
| Cu | copper | cyan |
Some facts#
- The compounds of some metals evaporate after introducing them to the flame causing the change of its color (i.e. color of flame).
- Atoms during contact with the flame are excited (they absorb energy) and next, they emit the quantum of light during the return to the previous state (relaxation).
- The color of a flame is specific to a given element, because it is result of atomic properties.
- The wavelength of the emitted light results directly from the difference in energy levels. These levels are specific for a given element.
- The relationship between wavelength and transition energy (differing between energy levels) is as follows:
where:
- - wavelength of emmited light,
- h - Planck's constant,
- c - speed of light,
- - difference between energy levels (energy absorbed during excitation and emitted during relaxation).
- - wavelength of emmited light,
- Because the color of a flame is specific for a given element, it allows a qualitative analysis, i.e. the identification of whether a given element is in the sample or not (but without specifying the quantity).
- ⓘ Example: When we disperse a pinch of table salt (NaCl) over the gas stove burner, we notice that when the salt meets the flame, it changes color to yellow. This is due to the presence of sodium atoms.
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