Greek letters table
Table shows small and big greek letters with their example usage in various kind of science such as mathematics, physics or chemistry. Additionally, it shows how to get a given greek letter in the HTML code (so-called HTML entities), TeX and TeX based formats such as LaTeX, KaTeX, MathJax etc. or in the UNICODE system.

Greek alphabet#

Small letterCapital letterNameExample usageHTML entityTeX\TeX formatUnicode (hex)
Show sourceα\alphaShow sourceAAalphasmall letter: angles in math and physicsα
Α
\alpha
A
U+0391
U+03B1
Show sourceβ\betaShow sourceBBbetasmall letter: angles in math and physicsβ
Β
\beta
B
U+0392
U+03B2
Show sourceγ\gammaShow sourceΓ\Gammagammasmall letter: angles in math and physicsγ
Γ
\gamma
\Gamma
U+0393
U+03B3
Show sourceδ\deltaShow sourceΔ\Deltadeltavalue change e.g. Δt\Delta t is often used for time difference between two momentsδ
Δ
\delta
\Delta
U+0394
U+03B4
Show sourceϵ\epsilonShow sourceEEepsilonsmall letter: permittivity in physicsε
Ε
\epsilon
E
U+0395
U+03B5
Show sourceζ\zetaShow sourceZZzetasmall letter: electrokinetic potential (so-called ζ\zeta potential)ζ
Ζ
\zeta
Z
U+0396
U+03B6
Show sourceη\etaShow sourceHHetasmall letter: energy efficiency of the device or process in physicsη
Η
\eta
H
U+0397
U+03B7
Show sourceθ\thetaShow sourceΘ\Thetathetabig letter: so-called big theta notation (big Θ\Theta) in computer scienceθ
Θ
\theta
\Theta
U+0398
U+03B8
Show sourceι\iotaShow sourceIIiota-ι
Ι
\iota
I
U+0399
U+03B9
Show sourceκ\kappaShow sourceKKkappasmall letter: Karman's constant in fluid mechanicsκ
Κ
\kappa
K
U+039A
U+03BA
Show sourceλ\lambdaShow sourceΛ\Lambdalambda
  • big letter: cosmologic constant in physics
  • small letter: lambda calculus in computer science
λ
Λ
\lambda
\Lambda
U+039B
U+03BB
Show sourceμ\muShow sourceMMmusmall letter: reduced mass in physicsμ
Μ
\mu
M
U+039C
U+03BC
Show sourceν\nuShow sourceNNnusmall letter: number of degrees of freedom in statisticsν
Ν
\nu
N
U+039D
U+03BD
Show sourceξ\xiShow sourceΞ\Xixi
  • small letter: random variables in statistics
  • big letter: Harish-Chandra's function in mathematics
ξ
Ξ
\xi
\Xi
U+039E
U+03BE
Show sourceooShow sourceOOomicronbig letter: so-called O notation in computer scienceο
Ο
o
O
U+039F
U+03BF
Show sourceπ\piShow sourceΠ\Pipi
  • small letter: math constant (the circumference to the diameter of wheel ratio)
  • big letter: multiplication symbol in mathematics
π
Π
\pi
\Pi
U+03A0
U+03C0
Show sourceρ\rhoShow sourcePProsmall letter: density in physics&ro;
&Ro;
\rho
P
U+03A1
U+03C1
Show sourceσ\sigmaShow sourceΣ\Sigmasigma
  • small letter: sigma bound in chemistry
  • big letter: sum symbol in mathematics
σ
Σ
\sigma
\Sigma
U+03A3
U+03C3
Show sourceτ\tauShow sourceTTtausmall letter: average life-tyme of particles in physicsτ
Τ
\tau
T
U+03A4
U+03C4
Show sourceυ\upsilonShow sourceΥ\Upsilonupsilonsmall letter: mass to light ratio in astronomyυ
Υ
\upsilon
\Upsilon
U+03A5
U+03C5
Show sourceϕ\phiShow sourceΦ\Phiphiso-called gold number (see: gold ratio)φ
Φ
\phi
\Phi
U+03A6
U+03C6
Show sourceχ\chiShow sourceXXchismall letter: molar fraction in chemistryχ
Χ
\chi
X
U+03A7
U+03C7
Show sourceψ\psiShow sourceΨ\Psipsiwave function in quantum mechanicsψ
Ψ
\psi
\Psi
U+03A8
U+03C8
Show sourceω\omegaShow sourceΩ\Omegaomega
  • small letter: angular velocity in physics
  • big letter: symbol of resistancy unit (ohm) in electronics
ω
Ω
\omega
\Omega
U+03A9
U+03C9

Some facts#

  • It is estimated that the Greek alphabet was created around the 9th century BC. It served to write the Greek language, but also to others languages influenced by Greek culture.
  • In the ancient period, the Greek alphabet had many local dialects. In the classical period they were supplanted by the so-called Ionic form, which becase dominating one. In this form, the Greek alphabet has survived to this day.
  • The commonly used Latin alphabet has its roots in the Greek alphabet. For this reason, some of the capital letters in the Latin alphabet are identical to the Greek counterparts.
  • Nowadays, the Greek alphabet is used to write the Greek language used by around 15 million people around the world.
  • Traditionally, Greek letters are used to denote physical, chemical or mathematical quantities.

What is the meaning of each calculator field ?#

  • Small letter - shows how given small letter looks like,
  • capital letter - shows how given capital letter looks like,
  • name - full name of letter showing how to pronounce it,
  • example usage - example letter's usage in various fields of science such as physics or mathematics,
  • HTML entity - shows how to get a given letter in the HTML code,
  • TeX\TeX format - shows howto get a given letter in the TeX\TeX code,
  • unicode (hex) - hexadecimal letter code in UNICODE system.

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