Ranges and types of electromagnetic waves table
Table shows common classification of electromagnetic waves based on frequency (wavelength). Also, example methods of producing/generating and applications for given wavelengths are presented.

# General wave classification

 Common name Frequency range Wavelength range Sources and methods of production Example usage Low fequency radiation < 10 kHz > 30 km acoustic transducers, LC and RC generators electroacoustics, energy industry, telephony Radio waves 10 kHz - 3 THz 100 µm - 30 km LC, RC generators, masers radio, television, telecommunications, radiolocation, radioastronomy, medicine Infrared 300 GHz - 395 THz 759 nm - 1 mm heated bodies, lasers, radiant lamps, the sun telecommunications, medicine, heating, material processing, IR spectroscopy Visible range 395 THz - 790 THz 380 nm - 759 nm mercury lamps, heated bodies, lasers, the sun, luminescence telecommunications, photography, optics, quantitative analysis Ultraviolet (UV) 790 THz - 30 PHz 10 nm - 380 nm lasers, mercury lamps, sun, gas discharge, quartz lamps telecommunications, photography, optics, quantitative analysis X-ray 30 PHz - 30 EHz 10 pm - 10 nm X-ray tube, decay of radioactive elements telecommunications, photography, optics Gamma radiation > 3 EHz < 100 pm cosmic rays, accelerators, X-ray tubes, decay of radioactive elements medicine, defectoscopy, nuclear physics

# Visible range

 Color Frequency range Wavelength range Red 389 THz - 491 THz 611 nm - 771 nm Yellow 517 THz - 535 THz 561 nm - 580 nm Green 535 THz - 612 THz 490 nm - 561 nm Blue 612 THz - 625 THz 480 nm - 490 nm Violet 652 THz - 789 THz 380 nm - 460 nm

# Micro-wave bands (IEEE)

 Band symbol Frequency range Wavelength range L 1 GHz - 2 GHz 1 dm - 3 dm S 2 GHz - 4 GHz 8 cm - 1 dm C 4 GHz - 8 GHz 4 cm - 8 cm X 8 GHz - 12 GHz 3 cm - 4 cm Ku 12 GHz - 18 GHz 2 cm - 3 cm K 18 GHz - 26 GHz 1 cm - 2 cm Ka 26 GHz - 40 GHz 8 mm - 1 cm Z 299.9 GHz - 300 GHz 1 mm - 1 mm

# Micro-wave bands (NATO)

 Band symbol Frequency range Wavelength range A < 250 MHz > 1 m B 250 MHz - 500 MHz 6 dm - 1 m C 500 MHz - 1 GHz 3 dm - 6 dm D 1 GHz - 2 GHz 1 dm - 3 dm E 2 GHz - 3 GHz 10 cm - 1 dm F 3 GHz - 4 GHz 8 cm - 10 cm G 4 GHz - 6 GHz 5 cm - 8 cm H 6 GHz - 8 GHz 4 cm - 5 cm I 8 GHz - 10 GHz 3 cm - 4 cm J 10 GHz - 20 GHz 2 cm - 3 cm K 20 GHz - 40 GHz 8 mm - 2 cm L 40 GHz - 60 GHz 5 mm - 8 mm M 60 GHz - 100 GHz 3 mm - 5 mm

# WiFi standards

 Network standard Frequency range 802.11b/g/n 2.412 GHz - 2.484 GHz 802.11y 3.6575 GHz - 3.6925 GHz 802.11j 4.94 GHz - 4.99 GHz 802.11a/h/j/n/ac/ax 5.03 GHz - 4.99 GHz 802.11p 5.85 GHz - 5.925 GHz 802.11ad/ay 60 GHz - 60 GHz

# ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical)

 Frequency range Example usage 6.765 MHz - 6.795 MHz FIXED SERVICE & Mobile service 13.553 MHz - 13.567 MHz FIXED & Mobile services except Aeronautical mobile (R) service 26.957 MHz - 27.283 MHz FIXED & MOBILE SERVICE except Aeronautical mobile service, CB Radio 40.66 MHz - 40.7 MHz Fixed, Mobile services & Earth exploration-satellite service 433.05 MHz - 434.79 MHz AMATEUR SERVICE & RADIOLOCATION SERVICE 902 MHz - 928 MHz FIXED, Mobile except aeronautical mobile & Radiolocation service; in Region 2 additional Amateur service 2.4 GHz - 2.5 GHz FIXED, MOBILE, RADIOLOCATION, Amateur & Amateur-satellite service 5.725 GHz - 5.875 GHz FIXED-SATELLITE, RADIOLOCATION, MOBILE, Amateur & Amateur-satellite service 24 GHz - 24.25 GHz AMATEUR, AMATEUR-SATELLITE, RADIOLOCATION & Earth exploration-satellite service (active) 61 GHz - 61.5 GHz FIXED, INTER-SATELLITE, MOBILE & RADIOLOCATION SERVICE 122 GHz - 123 GHz EARTH EXPLORATION-SATELLITE (passive), FIXED, INTER-SATELLITE, MOBILE, SPACE RESEARCH (passive) & Amateur service 244 GHz - 246 GHz RADIOLOCATION, RADIO ASTRONOMY, Amateur & Amateur-satellite service

# GSM frequencies defined by 3GPP

 System Frequency band Uplink frequency [MHz] Downlink frequency [MHz] ARFC channels GSM 400 GSM 450 Band 450,4 - 457,7 460,4 - 467,6 259 - 293 GSM 400 GSM 480 Band 478,8 - 486,0 488,8 - 496,0 306 - 340 GSM 700 GSM 750 Band 747 - 762 777 - 792 438 - 511 GSM 850 GSM 850 Band 824 - 849 869 - 894 128 - 251 GSM 900 Primary GSM 900 Band 890 - 915 935 - 960 1 - 124 GSM 900 Extended GSM 900 Band 880 - 915 925 - 960 1 - 124975 - 1023 GSM 1800 DSC 1 800 Band 1710 - 1785 1805 - 1880 512 - 885 GSM 1900 PCS 1 900 Band 1850 - 1910 1930 - 1990 512 - 810 R-GSM Railways GSM 900 Band 876 - 915 921 - 960 1 - 124955 - 1023

# GSM channels in Poland

 ARFC channels System Number of channels GSM operator Uplink frequency [MHz] Downlink frequency [MHz] Notes 975 - 999 EGSM 900 25 P4 (Play) 880,1 - 885,1 925,1 - 930,1 GSM900, UMTS900 1000 -1023 EGSM 900 25 Aero2 885,1 - 890,1 930,1 - 935,1 UMTS900 0 - 0 EGSM 900 25 Aero2 885,1 - 890,1 930,1 - 935,1 UMTS900 1 - 14 GSM 900 14 Polkomtel (Plus) 890,1 - 892,9 935,1 - 937,9 GSM900 15 - 36 GSM 900 22 T-Mobile Polska (T-mobile) 892,9 - 897,3 937,9 - 942,3 GSM900 37 - 67 GSM 900 31 Polkomtel (Plus) 897,3 - 903,5 942,3 - 948,5 GSM900 68 - 90 GSM 900 23 T-Mobile Polska (T-mobile) 903,5 - 908,1 948,5 - 953,1 GSM900, UMTS900 (channels 79 - 90 within Networks!) 91 - 124 GSM 900 34 Orange Polska (Orange) 908,1 - 914,9 953,1 - 959,9 GSM900, UMTS900 (channels 91 - 99 within Networks!) 512 - 560 GSM 1800 49 CenterNet 1710,1 - 1719,9 1805,1 - 1814,9 LTE1800 / Mobyland 561 - 561 GSM 1800 1 CenterNet/Mobyland 1719,9 - 1720,1 1814,9 - 1815,1 LTE1800 with CenterNet/Mobyland with the conspect of UKE 562 - 610 GSM 1800 49 Mobyland 1720,1 - 1729,9 1815,1 - 1824,9 LTE1800 / CenterNet 611 - 685 GSM 1800 75 P4 (Play) 1729,9 - 1744,9 1824,9 - 1839,9 - 686 - 735 GSM 1800 50 T-Mobile Polska (T-mobile) 1744,9 - 1754,9 1839,9 - 1849,9 GSM1800 / Orange Polska 736 - 747 GSM 1800 12 T-Mobile Polska (T-mobile) 1754,9 - 1757,3 1849,9 - 1852,3 GSM1800 748 - 748 GSM 1800 1 - 1757,3 - 1757,5 1852,3 - 1852,5 - 749 - 760 GSM 1800 12 Polkomtel (Plus) 1757,5 - 1759,9 1852,5 - 1854,9 GSM1800 761 - 762 GSM 1800 2 - 1759,9 - 1760,3 1854,9 - 1855,3 - 763 - 810 GSM 1800 48 Orange Polska (Orange) 1760,3 - 1769,9 1855,3 - 1864,9 GSM1800, LTE 1800(channels 772 - 846 within Networks!) 811 - 811 GSM 1800 1 - 1769,9 - 1770,1 1864,9 - 1865,1 LTE 1800(channels 772 - 846 within Networks!) 812 - 847 GSM 1800 36 T-Mobile Polska (T-mobile) 1770,1 - 1777,3 1865,1 - 1872,3 LTE 1800(channels 772 - 846 within Networks!) 848 - 849 GSM 1800 2 - 1777,3 - 1777,7 1872,3 - 1872,7 - 850 - 885 GSM 1800 36 Polkomtel (Plus) 1777,7 - 1784,9 1872,7 - 1879,9 GSM1800

# LTE bands over the World

 LTE band [MHz] Used in region(s) 700 North America 800 North America, Europe 900 Europe 1700 North America 1800 Europe, Asia, Australia 1900 North America 2100 North America, Europe 2500 South America 2600 Europe, Asia 3400 Europe 3600 Europe

# LTE operators in the Poland

 LTE band [MHz] LTE operator 800 Play, Orange, T-Mobile, Midas 1800 Cyfrowy Polsat, Plus, Play, Orange, T-Mobile, Midas 2100 T-Mobile 2600 Plus, Play, Orange, T-Mobile

# Some facts

• Electromagnetic waves are disturbances of electromagnetic field displaced in space.
• Electromagnetic waves propagate at the speed of light.
• One of the most basic parameters describing a wave (not only electromagnetic) is its frequency.
• Since the frequency of the wave is directly related to its length, we can equally determine the wave by giving its length. The relationship between the length and the frequency of the electromagnetic wave is as follows:
$\lambda = \dfrac{c}{\nu}$
where:
• The waves classification based on the wavelength or frequency is conventional and has the practical meaning. This means that individual sources may deliver different bands.
• The classification based on wavelength does not have to be strictly consistent with frequency based one. Often for convenience (i.e. to avoid fractional values), we round speed of light to 300,000 km/s when converting one classification to another.
• The properties of electromagnetic waves are described by Maxwell's equations:
\begin{aligned} & \nabla \times \vec{E} = -\dfrac{\partial \vec{B}} {\partial {t}} \\ & \nabla \times \vec{B} = \mu \vec{j} +\mu \varepsilon \dfrac{\partial \vec{E}} {\partial {t}} \\ & \varepsilon \nabla \cdot \vec{E} = \rho \\ & \nabla \cdot \vec{B} = 0 \end{aligned}
gdzie:
• Historically, phenomena related to electricity and magnetism (and therefore the electric and magnetic field and their changes) were two separate branches of science. Maxwell's equations gave a coherent description joining both fields into one. Thanks to this, there is no need to speak separately about the magnetic and electric field anymore. We can simply use the term electromagnetic field instead.
• Electric and magnetic fields are special cases of the electromagnetic field. Despite a coherent mathematical apparatus, which eliminates the need to distinguish between these two types of fields, sometimes the concepts of magnetic or electric field are used separately if it's handful.