Table of basic physical and chemical constants
Table shows common constants used in physics and chemistry.

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# Basic physical and chemical constants

 Constant Symbol or definitional formula Value Speed of light in vacuum $c$ $2,9979250 \cdot 10^8 \frac{m}{s}$ Elementary charge $e$ $1,602176 \cdot 10^{-19} C$ Avogadro's number $N_{A}$ $6,022169 \cdot 10^{23} \frac{1}{mol}$ Atomic mass constant $u^d$ $1,660531 \cdot 10^{-27} kg$ Mass of electron $m_e$ $9,109558 \cdot 10^{-31} kg$ Mass of proton $m_p$ $1,672614 \cdot 10^{-27} kg$ Faraday's constant $F$ $9,648670 \cdot 10^{4} \frac{C}{mol}$ Planck's constant $h$ $6,626196 \cdot 10^{-34} J \cdot s$ Fine structure constant $\alpha$ $7,297351 \cdot 10^{-3}$ Charge to mass ratio of the electron $\frac{e}{m_e}$ $1,7588028 \cdot 10^{11} \frac{C}{kg}$ Magnetic flux quantum $\phi_0 = \frac{h}{2e}$ $2,0678538 \cdot 10^{-15} Wb$ Rydberg's constant $R_{\infty}$ $1,09737312 \cdot 10^{7} \frac{1}{m}$ Bohr radius $a_0$ $5,2917715 \cdot 10^{-11} m$ Compton wavelength of the electron $\lambda_c$ $2,4263096 \cdot 10^{-12} m$ Electron radius $r_e$ $2,817939 \cdot 10^{-15} m$ Compton wavelength of the proton ${\lambda}_p$ $1,3214409 \cdot 10^{-15} m$ Gyromagnetic ratio of the proton with diamagnetic H2O correction ${\gamma}_p$ $2,6751965 \cdot 10^{8} \frac{rad}{s} \cdot T$ Gyromagnetic ratio of the proton $\gamma^{'}_{p}$ $2,6751270 \cdot 10^{8} \frac{rad}{s} \cdot T$ Bohr magneton $\mu B$ $9,274096 \cdot 10^{-24} \frac{J}{T}$ Nuclear magneton $\mu_N$ $5,050951 \cdot 10^{-27} \frac{J}{T}$ Magnetic momentic of the proton $\mu_p$ $1,4106203 \cdot 10^{-26} \frac{J}{T}$ Gas constant $R$ $8,31434 \frac{J}{mol} \cdot K$ Boltzmann's constant $k$ $1,380622 \cdot 10^{-23} \frac{J}{K}$ First radiation constant $c_1$ $4,992579 \cdot 10^{-24} J \cdot m$ Second radiation constant $c_2$ $1,438833 \cdot 10^{-2} m \cdot K$ Stefan-Blotzmann's constant $\sigma$ $5,66961 \cdot 10^{-8} \frac{W}{m^2} \cdot K^4$ Gravitional constant $G$ $6,6732 \cdot 10^{-11} \frac{N}{m^2} \cdot kg^2$ Molar volume of gas under normal condition $V_0$ $2,24136 \cdot 10^{-2} \frac{m^3}{mol}$ Vacuum permittivity $\epsilon_0$ $8,8542 \cdot 10^{-12} \frac{F}{m}$

# Some facts

• Physical constants (sometimes called chemical depending on context) are physical quantities, whose value doesn't depend on time or space. Simply put, value of physical constant is always the same no matter when and where it is measured.
• There are many physical equations containing one or more physical constants. Often they play a role of proportionality coefficient. Examples of such equations may be:
• Clapeyron's equation (perfect gas equation):
$pv = n\fbox{R}T$
where:
• p = pressure,
• v = volume,
• n = number of moles,
• T = termodynamic temperature,
• R = gas constant,

• the force of gravity, i.e. the force that attracts two bodies with masses:
$F = \fbox{G} \times \frac{m_1 \times m_2}{r_{12}}$
where:
• F = force of gravity,
• G = gravitional constant,
• m1 = mass of the first body,
• m2 = mass of the second body,
• r = distance between bodies,

• photon's energy:
$E_{photon} = \frac{\fbox{h} \times \fbox{c}}{ \lambda}$
where:
• h = Planck's constant,
• c = speed of light in vacuum,
• λ = wavelength.

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