Wire resistance calculator
Calculator shows relation between wire dimensions (length, cross-surface area), kind of material (resistivity) and resistance of the final conductor.

Beta version#

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Calculations data - conductor dimension and material#

Wire dimensions
Length of the conductor (wire)m
<=
Length unit
Cross-sectional area of the conductor (wire)mm²
<=
Area unit
Material parameters
Substance from which the conductor is made
Electric resistivity of the materialΩ × m
Resistivity unit
Resistance of whole wire
Wire resistanceΩ
=>
Resistance unit

Summary#

Length of the conductor (wire)1m
Cross-sectional area of the conductor (wire)1mm²
Electric resistivity of the material2.6548×10-8Ω × m
Wire resistance0.026548Ω

Some facts#

  • By the wire resistance we mean the resistance of the conductor as a whole. This is a value that we can directly measure with an ohmmeter by applying its probes on both sides of the wire.
  • The total resistance of the wire depends on:
    • type of material the wire is made of - for example, copper conducts electricity better than lead,
    • temperature - the ability to conduct electric current of various materials varies with temperature,
    • wire dimensions - it's length and cross-sectional area, in the case of round wire conductor, we can calculate approximated cross-section using disk area formula:
      A=πr2=π(d2)2=πd24A = \pi r^2 = \pi \left(\dfrac{d}{2}\right)^2 = \pi \dfrac{d^2}{4}
      where:
      • A - cross-sectional area of the round wire,
      • r - wire radius (half of the diameter),
      • d - wire dimater, we can measure it, e.g. using caliper
  • If we have a conductor with given dimensions and known material resistivity, then we can calculate its total electric resistance:
    R=ρlAR = \dfrac{\rho \cdot l}{A}
    where:
    • RR - wire resistance as a whole, this value should be shown by an ohmmeter applied to the two ends of the wire,
    • ρ\rho - material resistivity from which the conductor (wire) is made,
    • ll - the length of the wire,
    • AA - cross-sectional area of the conductor (wire).

  • If we know the resistance of the conductor at a given temperature (the so-called reference temperature) and we have the temperature coefficient of the material from which that conductor is made, we can calculate its resistance at another temperature:
    RT=R0(1+αΔT)R_T = R_0(1 + \alpha \cdot \Delta T)
    where:
    • RTR_T – wire resistance at temperature TT,
    • R0R_0 – wire resistance at known (reference) temperature T0T_0
    • α\alpha – temperature coefficient of resistance,
    • ΔT\Delta T – temperature change TT0T-T_0 in Kelvins.

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