Temperature units converter
Temperature units converter. Easy conversion of Kelvin, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Rankine and other temperature related (heat) units.

# Symbolic algebra

ⓘ Hint: This calculator supports symbolic math. You can enter numbers, but also symbols like a, b, pi or even whole math expressions such as (a+b)/2. If you still don't sure how to make your life easier using symbolic algebra check out our another page: Symbolic calculations

# Inputs data - value and unit, which we're going to convert#

 Value Unit Kelvin [K]degree Celsius [°C]degree Fahrenheit [°F]degree Rankine [°R, °Ra]degree Delisle [°De]degree Newton [°N]degree Réaumur [°Ré]degree Rømer [°Rø] Decimals 0123456789

# Temperature units#

 Unit Symbol Symbol(plain text) Value as symbolic Value as numeric Notes Unit conversion formula Kelvin Show source$K$ K Show source$\text{...}$ - Kelvin is an absolute temperature unit. Zero Kelvin corresponds to the lowest temperature achievable in nature (the so-called absolute zero temperature). This is the temperature at which all forms of motion (translational, rotational) disappear from exceptional oscillations, e.g. between atoms connected by bonds into chemical molecules. There is no upper limit on absolute temperature, so it can theoretically rise to infinity. One Kelvin is the basic temperature unit in SI system . The absolute temperature scale is linear with the Celsius scale, i.e. a temperature change of one degree Celsius corresponds to an identical change of one Kelvin. $0\ K = -273.15\ ^{\circ} C$ Show source$...$ degree Celsius Show source$^\circ C$ °C Show source$\text{...}$ - Temperature unit on the Celsius scale. It has been developed to match thermodynamic phenomena encountered on a daily basis. Zero degrees Celsius corresponds to the freezing point of water, and one hundred degrees corresponds to its boiling point. The difference between these two temperatures is divided into one hundred equal parts called degrees.$0^{\circ}\ C = 273.13\ K$ Show source$...$ degree Fahrenheit Show source$^\circ F$ °F Show source$\text{...}$ - Temperature unit on the Fehreinheit scale, used among others, in the US and Canada. The scale was designed so that 32°F corresponds to the melting point of ice, and 212°F corresponds to the boiling point of water under normal pressure (1013 hPa). The Fahrenheit scale is not linear with the Celsius scale.$T_{\text{Fahrenheit}} = 32 + \frac{9}{5} \times T_{\text{Celsius}}$ Show source$...$ degree Rankine Show source$^\circ R$ °R, °Ra Show source$\text{...}$ - Absolute temperature unit on the Rankine scale. Zero Renkine degrees corresponds to the lowest temperature possible in nature, but (different from the Kelvin scale) scales according to the Fahrenheit degrees. See the Kelvin and the Fehrenheit degree units to learn more.$T_{Rankine} = \frac{9}{5} \times T_{\text{Kelvin}}$ Show source$...$ degree Delisle Show source$^\circ De$ °De Show source$\text{...}$ - Historic temperature unit on the Delisle scale used in Russia. The scale was developed so that the boiling point of water corresponds to 0°D and the freezing point to 150°D.$T_{\text{Delisle}} = \frac{3}{2} \times \left(100 - T_{\text{Celsius}}\right)$ Show source$...$ degree Newton Show source$^\circ N$ °N Show source$\text{...}$ - Historic temperature unit on Newton scale. It was an inspiration to create the Celsius scale, which is still used today. The scale was developed so that the melting point of ice corresponds to 0°N and the boiling point corresponds to 33°N.$T_{\text{Newton}} = \frac{33}{100} \times T_{Celsius}$ Show source$...$ degree Réaumur Show source$^\circ \text{Ré}$ °Ré Show source$\text{...}$ - Historic temperature unit on the Réaumur Scale. The scale was constructed so that the melting point of ice corresponds to 0°Ré and the boiling point of water to 80°Ré.$T_{\text{Réumur}} = \frac{4}{5} \times T_{\text{Celsius}}$ Show source$...$ degree Rømer Show source$^\circ \text{Rø}$ °Rø Show source$\text{...}$ - Historic temperature unit on the Rømer scale. It was an inspiration to the Fahrenheit scale, which is still used today e.g. in the USA. The scale was chosen so that 0°Rø corresponds to the freezing point of a water-salt mixture, 60°Rø corresponds to the boiling point of water, and 7.5°Rø corresponds to its freezing point.$T_{\text{Rømer}} = T_{\text{Celsius}} \times \frac{21}{40} + 7.5$ Show source$...$

# Some facts#

• Defined according to wikipedia: Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that is hotter generally has the greater temperature. Specifically, temperature is a property of matter.
• More useful (for physicists) definition says that temperature is average kinetic energy of single particle divided by number of degrees of freedom.
• Contemporary, statistical definition of temperature appeared with the development of statistical thermodynamics in the nineteenth century.
• The concept of temperature makes sense for systems composed of a large number of particles only. It makes no sense to ask what is temperature of single particle.
• The lowest possible temperature in the nature is 0K called absolute zero point.
• It corresponds to -273,15oC or -459.67oF.
• Most of motion form are stopped when temperature goes to 0K. The only exception is oscillatory motion, which never stops. This facts can be predicted theoretically by solving Schroedinger equation for harmonic oscillator. Then, it turns out, that quantum harmonic oscillator has non-zero kinetic energy even in ground state (lowest). It means, that the nature is in is in constant motion and nothing can stop it!
• Before development of statistical physics, temperature was pure experimental size. People could measure it and there were discovered many relations beetwen temperature and other macroscopic variables like pressure or volume. However, these concepts were totally isolated from remaining fields of physics, especially from Newton dynamics. Applying of statistical methods shows how macro state (temperature, pressure etc.) depends on micro state (single particles level).
• Basic temperature unit in SI system is 1K (one kelvin). However, due to practical or historical reasons, other units are used. In everyday life, most common are:
• Celsius degrees - scale constructed to fit 0oC to water melting point and 100oC to water boiling point under normal conditions. So, it's well adjusted to everyday life scenarios.
• Fahrenheits degrees - alternative scale widely used in USA, Cayman Islands, Bahama or Belize.
• Temperature of body is important marker of general health of warm-blooded organisms, including humans. Body temperature of healthy human is 36,6oC.
• The device measuring temperature is called thermometer. There are many different kinds of termometers for example:
• liquid thermometer - based on the phenomenon of thermal liquid expansion, usually mercury or alcohol are used,
• bimetal thermometer - based on different thermal expansion of two metals,
• gas thermometer – based on gas state equation, it can measure volume with constant pressure or vice versa,
• electric thermometer – based on relation beetwen electric properties and temperature.

# Temperature units#

The Kelvin is the base unit of temperature in SI. Other common temperature units are: degree Celsius, degree Fahrenheit, degree Rankine, degree Delisle, degree Newton, degree Réaumur, degree Rømer.

Units in converter are:
• Kelvin - the SI base unit. Defined by two points:
• 0 K is absolute zero - the lowest possible temperature. No heat energy remains in a substance, so nothing could be colder. It is equal to -273.15°C and -459.67°F
• 273.16 K is triple point of water (precisely: Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water) - which is equal to 0.01°C and 32.018°F
• degree Celsius (°C) - named after Anders Celsius (1701 – 1744).
The 0°C on the Celsius scale was defined as the freezing point of water and 100°C was defined as the boiling point of water under a pressure of one standard atmosphere. This definition was valid from 1744 and is still really close to current definition.
However, it was redefined in 1954 by international agreement - and makes the Celsius unit intervals equal to Kelvin intervals. Currently "degree Celsius" is defined as:
• −273.15 °C is absolute zero - the lowest possible temperature.
• 0.01 °C is triple point of water - precisely: Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water.
• degree Fahrenheit (°F) - freezing point of water is 32 °F and the boiling point 212 °F.
• degree Rankine (°R, °Ra) - 0 °R is absolute zero, however Rankine degree is defined as equal to one degree Fahrenheit. This means, that intervals for Fahrenheit and Rankine is the same, only "zero point" is different.
• degree Delisle (°De)
• degree Newton (°N)
• degree Réaumur (°Ré)
• degree Rømer (°Rø)

# How to convert#

• Enter the number to field "value" - enter the NUMBER only, no other words, symbols or unit names. You can use dot (.) or comma (,) to enter fractions.
Examples:
• 1000000
• 123,23
• 999.99999
• Find and select your starting unit in field "unit". Some unit calculators have huge number of different units to select from - it's just how complicated our world is...
• And... you got the result in the table below. You'll find several results for many different units - we show you all results we know at once. Just find the one you're looking for.

# Tags and links to this website#

Tags:
Tags to Polish version:

# What tags this calculator has#

This is permalink. Permalink is the link containing your input data. Just copy it and share your work with friends:

# Ancient version of this site - links#

In December 2016 the Calculla website has been republished using new technologies and all calculators have been rewritten. Old version of the Calculla is still available through this link: v1.calculla.com. We left the version 1 of Calculla untouched for archival purposes.
Direct link to the old version:
"Calculla v1" version of this calculator
JavaScript failed !
So this is static version of this website.
This website works a lot better in JavaScript enabled browser.