Table of lattice energy values
Table shows lattice crystal energy in kJ/mol for selected ion compounds.

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Crystal lattice energy for selected ion pairs (kJ/mol)#

Cation / AnionF-Cl-Br-I-O2-S2-OH-H-
Li+1024841.8802 748.62900-854920.8
Na+940774741694.0--884.5840.0
K+830730677.5637.5--790690.0
Rb+774678654618.0--766678.0
Cs+732646625.5592.0--720653.0
NH4+816640615578.0----
Ag+871783757736.62455---
Cu+-866829787.027202580--
Cu2+-2762--41403725--
Mg2+292025002420250539503320--
Ca2+2620224021552060353031102580-
Sr2+2460212020481945334029002425-
Ba2+2315202019501845314022402300-
Zn2+----41303422--
Cd2+2638---36553230- -

Crystal lattice energy: theory vs experimental data (kJ/mol)#

SubstanceLattice energy (calculated) [kJ/mol]Lattice energy (measured in Born-Haber-Fajan cycle) [kJ/mol]
(CH3CH2CH2CH2)4NHCl2290-
(CH3CH2)4NHCl2346-
(CH3)4NHCl2427-
CsBCl4473-
CsAlCl4486-
RbBCl4489486
NaFeCl4492-
CsGaCl4494-
KBCl4506497
(CH3)4NI544-
(CH3)4NBr553-
NaAlCl4556-
CsBF4556565
RbClO4564576
CsMnO4565-
(CH3)4NCl566-
RbBF4577590
FrI582-
NH4BF4582-
NH4ClO4583580
RbMnO4586-
PH4I590-
CsHSe598669
KClO4599595
CsI600613
CsCN601-
CsHCl2601-
NH4CNS605611
KMnO4607-
CsHf2607-
FrBr611-
KBF4611616
PH4Br616-
RbI617632
NH4CN617691
CsCNS623568
RbCNS623619
KCNS623616
RbHSe623689
RbHf2627631
CsVO3628-
CsHS628657
CsBH4628-
FrCl632-
CsBr632647
KI632650
CsClO4636550
CsIO2F2636-
RbCN638-
NaClO4643641
KHSe644712
CsNO3648650
CsH648653
RbBH4648-
RbBr651668
Cs(HCO2)651-
RbHS655682
KBH4655638
RbVO3657-
CsCl657670
NaBF4657674
KHF2657660
NaMnO4661-
NH4HS661718
CsNCO661-
RbNO3662671
LiNO3662671
CsN3665674
KBr671691
RbIO2F2674-
RbN3674691
NH4IO2F2678-
CsHCO3678520
CsO2679696
RbCl680695
NaCNS682682
NaI682705
Cs(CH3COO)682-
KNO3685694
Rb(HCO2)685-
KVO3686-
RbH686684
TlN3689742
CsNO2690-
TlNO3690707
RbClO3690703
TlI692710
KCN692686
RbNCO692-
CsBrO3694681
KO3697707
KN3697-
KNO2699687
KiO2F2699689
LiBF4699749
KCl701720
NaHSe703732
NaBH4703694
TlOH705874
NH4HF2705658
RbO2706721
RbHCO3707522
LiClO4709715
KH711713
KClO3711721
K(HCO2)713722
FrF715-
NH4(HCO2)715-
Rb(CH3COO)715-
TlBr720734
RbBrO3720705
CsOH721732
NaHS723771
RbNO2724765
NH4NCO724-
KNCO726734
LiI730764
NaBr732754
AgIO2F2736685
TlCl738751
KBrO3740722
KO2741751
KHCO3741573
CsF744759
TlH745-
K(CH3COO)749726
NaNO3755763
NaHF2755748
NaVO3761-
CsIO3761-
LiCNS764765
RbOH766765
NaIO2F2766756
NaCN766759
LiHS768862
NaCl769790
NaClO3770785
NaN3770784
NaNO2774772
RbF774795
PbH778-
LiBH4778-
LiBr788820
KOH789796
RbIO3791-
Na(HCO2)791804
NaO2799821
NaBrO3803791
NaH807807
NaNCO807816
KF808829
LiVO3810-
AgNO3820832
KIO3820780
NaHCO3820656
LiHF2821847
LaH828-
CuH8281254
Na(CH3COO)828807
LiCl834864
LiIO2F2845-
LiNCO849-
AgN3854910
LiN3861875
Li(HCO2)865-
LiCN874-
AgI881892
NaIO3883876
LiBrO3883880
NaOH887892
AgBr897905
HfH904-
AgCl910918
NaF910930
ZrH9161590
LiH916918
AgOH918845
NiH929-
PtH937-
AgH941-
CuI948966
GeH950-
AgF953974
CuBr969978
LiIO3975974
PdH9791368
CuCl992996
TiH9961407
CuOH1006-
AuCl10131066
LiOH10211028
TaH1021-
AuI10271070
AuBr10291059
LiF10301049
AuOH1033-
AuH10331108
CrH1050-
NbH11631633
VH11841344
Rb2SnI61226-
Cs2TeI61246-
Cs2PoBr61286-
Cs2TeBr61306-
Cs2SnBr61306-
Rb2SnBr61309-
(NH4)2TeCl61318-
K2TeCl613181320
Rb2TeCl61321-
Cs2TeCl61323-
(NH4)2PoCl61338-
Cs2ZrCl613391307
K2ZrCl613391371
Cs2TiBr613391306
Rb2ZrCl61341-
Rb2TiBr613411331
Rb2PbCl613431343
Cs2PbCl61344-
K2HfCl613451461
Cs2MoCl613471347
(NH4)2PbCl61355-
Rb2SbCl61357-
Cs2SnCl61358-
Rb2WBr613611391
Rb2SnCl613611363
Cs2WBr613621332
K2SnCl613631390
(NH4)2SnCl613701344
Rb2NbCl613711385
K2ReBr613751375
K2NbCl613751398
K2TiBr613791379
Cs2NbCl613811344
Cs2ZnI41386-
Cs2CoCl41391-
Cs2WCl613921366
TlTeCl61392-
Cs2CuCl41393-
K2OsBr61396-
Rb2WCl613971434
Cs2SeCl61397-
K2WCl613981423
Cs2ReCl61398-
Rb2MoCl613991399
Cs2TiCl614021384
Cs2GeCl614041419
K2WBr614081408
Rb2SeCl61409-
Cs2OsCl61409-
K2TiCl614121447
Rb2ReCl61414-
Rb2TiCl614151416
K2ReCl614161442
K2MoCl614181412
(NH4)2SeCl61420-
K2PtI61421-
K2PtBr614231392
Cs2PdCl61426-
Tl2SnCl61437-
K2IrCl614421440
Cs2PtCl61444-
K2OsCl614471447
Rb2ClCl41447-
Rb2PdCl61449-
Rb2MnCl61451-
K2RuCl61451-
Cs2ZnBr41454-
Cs2UBr61459-
K2MnCl61462-
(NH4)2MnCl61464-
Rb2PtCl61464-
(NH4)2PtCl61468-
K2PtCl614681471
Rb2UBr61473-
K2PdCl614811493
K2UBr61484-
Cs2ZnCl41492-
Rb2ZnBr41498-
Na2UBr21504-
Na2MoCl615261504
Rb2ZnCl41529-
Tl2PtCl61546-
TlTiCl615601553
Cs2GeF61573-
K2PtCl415741550
Cs2SO415961658
Cs2CrF61603-
Cs2SiF616041498
Cs2SeO41615-
Cs2MnF61620-
Cs2CoF61632-
Rb2SO416361748
Rb2SiF616391673
Cs2SeO31640-
(NH4)2GeF61657-
K2SiF616701765
Tl2SiF61675-
Rb2SeO41686-
Rb2MnF61688-
Rb2NiF61688-
Rb2CoF61688-
K2SO417001796
Rb2SeO317151675
K2NiF61721-
K2SeO41732-
Cs2Te1745-
Cs2Se1745-
(NH4)2SO417661777
TlSeO41766-
Ag2PtCl617731881
K2SeO317741749
Ba(MnO4)21778-
Ag2PtBr217912276
Ba(ClO4)217951769
RaI21803-
Na2SO418271938
Tl2SO418281722
K2Te1830-
Rb2Te1837-
Rb2Se1837-
Sr(MnO4)21845-
Sr(ClO4)218621862
BaI218621890
Na2SeO41879-
Tl2SeO31879-
Cs2S18921850
Cs2CO319201722
Rb2S19291949
RaBr21929-
K2Se1933-
Ca(MnO4)21937-
Cs2O219481512
Na2SeO319501916
Ca(ClO4)219581971
BaBr219711995
CaI219712087
Ba(CNS)219791852
K2S19792052
Ba(HS)219791956
SrI219841976
Na2Te19972095
Rb2CO320001783
Ba(CN)220012009
RaCl22004-
(NH4)2S20082026
Ba(N3)22021-
Rb2O220251994
Ag2SeO42033-
BaCl220462069
BaPtCl620472070
Li2SeO42054-
Sr(N3)220562187
Pb(CNS)22058-
Ba(NO3)220622035
Sr(CNS)220631957
Sr(HS)22063-
Pb(NO3)220672208
Tl2Te20842172
K2CO320841846
Ag2SO421041989
Ag2SeO321132148
K2O221142064
Sn(CNS)221172142
BaH221212133
Na2Se2130-
Cs2O21312063
CaBr22132-
Sr(CN)22138-
Ba(OH)221422330
SrCl221422170
Hg(CNs)221462492
Sn(NO3)221552254
Hg2SeO42163-
Rb2O21632161
PbI221632177
Li2SeO32171-
Sr(NO3)221762151
Ca(CNS)221842118
Ca(HS)221842171
Ca(N3)221862316
Na2S21922203
SnI221932206
Cd(CNS)222012374
Cu2SeO42201-
ScI22201-
Tl2Se2209-
LiTe22212-
MnI22212-
PbBr222192230
Li2SO422292142
K2O22382232
Cd(NO3)222382462
SrH222502265
SnBr222512256
TiI222592342
Ca(NO3)222682247
CaCl222682271
Ca(CN)222682240
CrI222692440
PbCl222702282
Cu2SO422762166
Mn(CNS)222802351
RaF22284-
ScBr22291-
MgI222932340
SnCl222972310
Tl2S22982258
Na2CO323012016
Na2O22309-
Mn(NO3)223182478
Sr(OH)223302474
Zn(CNS)223352560
BaF223472373
TiBr223602430
Li2Se2364-
AcH22372-
Zn(NO3)223762649
Pb(OH)22376-
CrBr223772536
LaH223802522
ScCl22380-
MgBr224062451
Mn(N3)224082348
CaH224102406
CeH224142509
FeI224392491
TiCl224392514
CdI224412455
Cd(N3)224462576
PrH224482405
MnBr224482482
BaSeO324602451
Li2S24642472
NdH224642394
BaSO424692374
SrF224762513
MgCl224772540
Na2O24812478
Mg(NO3)224812521
CaSO424892480
SrSeO42489-
Sn(OH)224892721
GdH224942651
Ca(OH)225062637
CdBr225072517
SmH225102389
MnCl225102551
FeBr225152577
PuH22519-
PmH22519-
Li2CO325232254
PbF225352543
CrCl225402601
AmH22544-
SnF22551-
CdCl225522565
Co(NO3)225602647
CoI225692561
FeCl225692641
SrSO425772484
ZnI225812619
Cd(CN)225832591
SrSeO325862588
Li2O225922557
Ag2S26062677
Ag2Te26072600
Cd(OH)226072909
NiI226072637
VCl226072593
BaSe2611-
BaCO326152554
HgI226282624
HgBr226282639
MoI22630-
CaSeO42632-
CuI22640-
CoBr226402643
CaF226402651
MnF22644-
BaC226472652
ZnBr226482689
Fe(OH)226533044
HgCl226572664
Tl2O26592575
Hg(OH)22669-
CuBrI2669-
Ag2Se2686-
CuClI2694-
ZnCl227032748
Cu2Te27062683
HgH22707-
CoCl227072706
ZrH227112999
ThH227112738
ScH227112744
CuBr227152774
SrCO327202688
CaTe2721-
TiF22724-
PbCO327282750
NiBr227292721
Cu(N3)227302738
CaSeO32732-
SrSe2736-
MoCl227372746
PdBr227412751
MoBr227422753
PdI227482760
CuClBr2753-
NiCl227532786
HgF22757-
CuCl227742824
PdCl227782818
CrF227782939
BeI227802813
Cu2S27862865
Co(OH)227863109
SrC227882782
MgH227912718
Zn(OH)227953151
Li2O27992841
CuFI2803-
CaCO328042811
CdF228092830
Zn(CN)228092817
Ni(OH)228323186
Zn(N3)228402970
FeF228492967
CuFBr2853-
CaSe28582862
TiH228662864
Cu(OH)228703229
Mg(OH)228702998
ZnH22870-
MgTe28783081
CuFCl2891-
MgSeO42895-
SnCO32904-
Au2S2908-
Mn(OH)229093008
CaC229112902
MnSO429202825
MgF229262978
CdCO329293052
CuH22941-
AgF229422967
BeBr229502914
BaNH2975-
Ag2O30022910
CoF230043042
BeCl230043033
MgSeO330122998
ZnF230213053
BaO30293054
SrO230372977
CuF230463102
MnCO330463092
MgSe3071-
NiF230983089
ZnCO331213273
FeCO331213169
Cs3VO43137-
MgCO331383122
CaO231443132
SrNH3146-
MnSe3176-
BeH23205-
SrO32173223
Rb3VO43243-
Cu2O32733189
CaNH3293-
BeTe3319-
BeSeO33322-
MgO233563526
K3VO43376-
CaO34143401
BeSe3431-
CoCO334433235
BeSeO43448-
BeF234643526
Be(OH)234773620
CuCO33494-
PbO3520-
SnO3652-
MnO37243745
PdO3736-
Na3VO43766-
BiI33774-
FeO37953865
MgO37953791
CdO3806-
TiO38323811
CoO38373910
HgO3907-
NiO39084010
LaI339163986
GeO3919-
VO39323863
Li3VO43945-
AcCl34096-
CuO41354050
ZnO41423971
LaBr34209-
InI342345001
YI342404258
UCl34243-
LaCl342634242
NpCl34268-
PuCl34289-
AmCl34293-
PrCl343224387
NdCl343434415
SmCl343764450
EuCl343934490
CeCl343944348
GdCl344064495
La(OH)34443-
DyCl344814529
HoCl345014572
YCl345064524
BeO45144443
ErCl345274591
InBr345355117
TmCl345484608
GaI346115496
ScI34640-
BiCl346894707
Y(OH)34707-
ScBr347294761
InCl347365183
AsI348245295
TiI34845-
NbI34860-
LaF34862-
SbI348674692
ScCl348744901
LaH348954493
SbBr349544776
NbBr34980-
YF34983-
GaBr349965569
TiBr350125023
BaB65021-
SbCl350324857
NbCl35062-
Sc(OH)350635602
YH350634910
AlI350705227
MoI35073-
TlI35088-
TlH35092-
InH35092-
EuB65104-
SrB65104-
FeI35117-
VI351215136
TiCl35134-
YbB65146-
CaB65146-
MoBr35156-
TlBr35171-
TcI35188-
FeBr2I5209-
VBr352145224
TcBr35215-
GaCl352175665
RuI352225235
RuBr352235232
RuCl352455257
MoCl352465253
AlBr352475360
TlCl352585278
TcCl35270-
FeCl2I5272-
CrI352755294
In(OH)35280-
SbF352955324
Tl(OH)35314-
VCl353225329
CrBr2I53305370
MnI35330-
FeBr353335347
FeCl2Br5339-
CrBr35355-
FeCl353645436
AlCl353765513
CrCl2I53815429
ScH35439-
CrCl2Br5448-
MnBr35448-
ScF354925540
TlF35493-
AsBr354975365
CrCl355185529
MnCl35544-
Cr(OH)355566299
FeF2I5569-
Al(OH)35627-
ZnI35636-
RhCl356415665
TiF35644-
FeF2Br5653-
CrF2I5669-
GaH35690-
FeF2Cl5711-
FeH35724-
Ga(OH)357326368
ZnBr35732-
CrF2Br5753-
CrF2Cl5795-
GaF358296238
ZnCl35832-
FeF35870-
VF35895-
AlH359245969
AlF359246252
CoF35991-
MnF36017-
CrF360336065
Mn(OH)36213-
MoF36459-
Ba2GeO466536643
LaN68766793
Sr2GeO46987-
ZrI471557801
FePO472517300
Ca2GeO473017306
GaPO47381-
MnPO47397-
PmB67406-
LaB67406-
AlPO474277507
SmB67447-
NdB67447-
PrB67447-
YB67447-
LuB67489-
TmB67489-
ErB67489-
HoB67489-
DyB67489-
TbB67489-
GdB67489-
ScN75477506
ZrN76337723
ZrBr476617984
NbN79398022
SnBr479708852
Mg2GeO47991-
ZrCl480218144
TiN81308033
BPO48201-
CrN82698358
VN82838233
SnCl483558930
MoI48427-
MoBr485109500
MoCl485569603
Zr(OH)48619-
MoF48795-
ZrF488538971
TiI491088918
Sn(OH)491889879
TiBr492889059
TiCl49431-
Ti(OH)49456-
PbF49519-
CeO29627-
Ba3(PO4)296529654
TiF4100129908
CeB610083-
Sr3(PO4)21012510075
ThB610167-
ThO210397-
PaO210573-
Ca3(PO4)21060210479
NpO210707-
PuO210786-
AmO210799-
CmO210832-
Mn(OH)410933-
ZrO211188-
PbO211217-
Mg3(PO4)21163211407
MoO211648-
SnO211807-
TiO212150-
La2O312452-
Ac2O312573-
Ce2O312661-
Pr2O312703-
Y2O312705-
Nd2O312736-
Pm2O312811-
GeO212828-
Sm2O312878-
Eu2O312945-
MnO212970-
Gd2O312996-
Tb2O313071-
SiO213125-
Dy2O313138-
Ho2O313180-
Er2O313263-
Tm2O313322-
Yb2O313380-
Sc2O31355713708
Lu2O313665-
In2O313928-
Fe2O31430914774
V2O31509614520
Mn2O31514615035
Cr2O31527614957
Ga2O31559015220
Al2O315916-

Some facts#

  • The crystal lattice energy is the amount of work (energy) needed to convert the crystal lattice into ions spaced apart from each other to infinity.
  • Equivalently, lattice energy can be defined as the amount of work (energy) that is released during creation of crystal lattice from ions separated to infinity.
  • The lattice energy is the total potential energy of the crystal.
  • The lattice energy is usually given in kilojules per mole (kJ/mol).
  • The crystal lattice energy has influence on other physical and chemical properties:
    • solubility,
    • volatility,
    • melting temperature (the higher lattice energy, the higher melting temperature),
    • hardness,
    • etc.
  • The science, which deals with crystals properties is crystallography.
  • There are theroretical models, which allow to calculate (with better or worse result) the lattice energy. The basis of these models are statistical physics (also known as statistical thermodynamics).
  • One of most common crystal model is so-called Einstein's crystal. In this model we treat crystal as set of independent harmonic oscilators with the same freuquency.

Data source#

  • Data within first table (ion pairs) come from naukowiec.org site.
  • Reference for second table (theoretical and BHFC values) is:
    David R. Lide (Editor-in-Chief): Handbook of Chemistry and Physics - 88th Edition, 2007-2008; pages 12-19 to 12-27.

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