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metals

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
aluminum 2024-T3	2770
aluminum 6061-T6	2700
aluminum 7075-T6	2803
aluminum (pure)	2643
brass	8553
bronze, manganese	8300
bronze, phosphor	8800
cadmium	8650
chromium	6856
cobalt	8906
copper (cast rolled)	8906
copper (pure)	8940
gold	19320
iron	7870
iron, cast	7207
iron, gray cast	7079
iron, wrough	7658
lead	11341
magnesium	1746
magnesium, alloy	1770
manganese	7192
molybdenum	10300
monel	8690
nickel	8890
nickel, silver	8440
platinum	21450
silicon	2330
silver	10490
steel, carbon	7850
steel, high speed tool	8750
steel, stainless 304	7700
steel, stainless 316L	8000
steel, stainless 347	7900
steel, stainless 2304	7800
steel, tool	7715
tin	7300
titanium	4540
titanium, alloy	4510
tungsten	18820
uranium	18700
zinc	7144

liquids

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
acetone	789.9
glycerin	1260
ethanol (alcohol)	792
liquid ammonia	682.1
liquid argon	1390
liquid helium	125
liquid hydrogen	70
liquid methane	424
liquid nitrogen	804
oil, petroleum	820
gasoline	660
mercury	13584
water 4°C	1000
water 20°C	998
water 25°C	997.07
water, sea	1024

other materials

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
ice (frozen water, 0°C)	916.7
feathers (mean)	2.5
asphalt, crushed	721
brick	2150
carbon, solid	2140
cement	2800
ceramic	2130
human body (mean)	1050
cardboard	900
paper	1000
window glass	2500
organic glass (plexiglass)	1180

gases

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
ammonia	0.73
argon	1.784
helium	0.1785
hydrogen	0.082
methane	0.656
nitrogen	1.25
carbon dioxide (CO2)	1.95
dry air (normal conditions, 0°C and 1013,25 hPa)	1.293
dry air (standard conditions, 25°C and 100 kPa)	1.168

plastics

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
bakelite	1360
nylon	1700
polycarbonate	1300
polyethylene	2300
rubber, hard	1185
styrofoam EPS70	13.5
styrofoam EPS80	15
styrofoam EPS90	17
styrofoam EPS100	18
styrofoam EPS120	20
styrofoam EPS150	24
styrofoam EPS200	28

wood

Substance	Density [kg/m³]
balsa wood	110
cork wood	280
bamboo wood	350
fir wood	450
pine wood	550
spruce wood	470
larch wood	690
poplar wood	450
alder wood	530
birch-tree wood	650
maple wood	660
elm wood	680
oak wood	710
beech wood	730
ash wood	750
olive wood	852

Some facts

Density is the physical quantity that determines the ratio beetwen the mass and the volume that mass occupies.
We usually denote the density by d or the small Greek letter ρ (pronunciation: rho).
If the sample body has mass m and it occupies volume V, then the density of the substance from which it is composed can be calculated using the following formula:

$d = \frac{m}{V}$

gdzie:
- d = density,
- m = mass,
- V = volume.
The density unit in SI system is kilogram per cubic meter:

$\frac{kg}{m^3}$
Density is a characteristic feature of the substance. An example of a relatively high density substance is steel. Another example is styrofoam, which has relative small density.
ⓘ Example: If we grab a small steel ball in hand, we can easily feel it's weight. If we grab anologous (i.e. with the same size), but made of styrofoam ball in second hand, then we notice that it is much heavier than the previous one. This is because steel has a much higher density than styrofoam.
Substances with high density are good acoustic insulators. For example, making the walls of a room with a thick concrete layer (high density material) will cause what is going on inside to be very poorly audible on the outside.

Acoustic insulation does not go hand in hand with thermal insulation. For example: styrofoam (very low density material) is known as a very good thermal insulator, but is unusable as an acoustic insulator.
⚠ WARNING! Substances can change their density depending on temperature and pressure. Therefore density tables also contain the conditions in which they were measured.

Wood density can vary greatly from species to species. The average density of ochroma pyramidale wood (commonly known as balsa wood) is only 110 kg/m³. For comparison, the olive wood is approximately 8 times greater (852 kg/m³). Very low density of the first one was noticed by engineers, which resulted in using it in many fields of industry. Balsa wood is used to build many useful things for example:
- rafts and yachts,
- surfboards,
- gliders and airplanes,
- orthopedic prostheses,
- table tennis bats,
- fishing rods,
- structural elements in modeling,
- pipe filters,
- insulating fittings,
- conductors (bats).

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