Table of elementary particles properties
Table shows basic properties of elementary particles.

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Historical treat as elementary

 Particle Symbol Mass [kg] Relative mass [u] Charge [c] Relative charge Proton $p,\ H$ 1.672614×10-27 1.00727661 1.6726×10-19 1 Neutron $n,\ _{0}^{1}n$ 1.67492×10-27 1.0086652 0 0 Electron $e,\ \beta^-,\ ^{\ 0}_{-1}n$ 9.109558×10-31 0.000548593 1.60219×10-19 -1

Leptons

 Particle Symbol Mass [MeV] Life time [s] Relative charge Electron $n_e$ $0.511$ $\text{stable}$ -1 Electron neutrino $e$ $<7.3\times 10^{-6}$ $\text{stable}$ 0 Mion $m$ $105.66$ $2.197\times 10^{-6}$ -1 Mion neutrino $n_m$ $<0.25$ $\text{stable}$ 0 Tau $t$ $1784.1$ $3.1\times 10^{-13}$ -1 Tau neutrino $n_t$ $<70$ $\text{stable}$ 0

Quarks

 Particle Symbol Mass [GeV/c²] Relative charge Quark up $u$ $0.002 \div 0.008$ 2/3 Quark down $d$ $0.005 \div 0.015$ -1/3 Quark strange $s$ $100 \div 300$ -1/3 Quark charm $c$ $1.3 \div 1.7$ 2/3 Quark beauty $b$ $4.7 \div 5.3$ -1/3 Quark truth $t$ $>170$ 2/3

Mesons

 Particle Symbol Mass [MeV] Life time [s] Charged pion $p^{+}, p^{-}$ $139.57$ $2.6 \times 10^{-8}$ Neutral pion $p^{0}$ $134.98$ $0.8 \times 10^{-16}$ Charged caon $K^{+}, K^{-}$ $493.68$ $1.2 \times 10^{-8}$ Neutral caon $K^0, \widetilde{K}^0$ $497.67$ $0.9 \times 10^{-10} \div 5.2 \times 10^{-8}$ Meson h $h^0$ $547.30$ $2.4 \times 10^{-19}$

Barions

 Particle Symbol Mass [MeV] Life time [s] Proton $p, \widetilde{p}$ $938.27$ $\text{stable}$ Neutron $n, \widetilde{n}$ $939.56$ $0.9 \times 10^3$ Hiperon Λ $\Lambda, \widetilde{\Lambda}$ $1115.68$ $2.6 \times 10^{-10}$ Hiperon Σ+ $\Sigma^{+}, \widetilde{\Sigma}^{+}$ $1189.37$ $0.8 \times 10^{-10}$ Hiperon S0 $S^0, \widetilde{\Sigma}^{0}$ $1192.64$ $7.4 \times 10^{-20}$ Hiperon Σ− $\Sigma^{-}, \widetilde{\Sigma}^{-}$ $1197.45$ $1.5 \times 10^{-10}$ Hiperon Ξ0 $\Xi^0, \widetilde{\Xi}^0$ $1314.9$ $2.9 \times 10^{-10}$ Hiperon Ξ- $\Xi^-, \widetilde{\Xi}^-$ $1321.32$ $1,6 \times 10^{-10}$ Hiperon Ω- $\Omega^-, \widetilde{\Omega}^-$ $1672.45$ $0.8 \times 10^{-10}$

Some facts

• Historically, elementary particles were such objects that have no known internal structure that is, colloquially speaking they are indivisible.
• With the development of science, particles that were formerly considered indivisible turned out to be assembled from two or more other, smaller particles. Thus, they ceased to be elementary in a literal sense.
• Currently, elementary particles are used interchangeably with the concept of subatomic particles, i.e. those that are "more elementary", "smaller" than the atom.
• Traditionally, the elementary particles that make up the atoms are:
• proton - positively charged particle being part of the atomic nucleus,
• neutron - particle with a mass similar to proton, however without electric charge ,
• electron - a particle with a negligible mass (in comparison with proton mass) with negative electric charge.
• The inert composite atom is of N protons, the same number of electrons and a certain number of neutrons. Because the numbers of electrons and protons in the atom are identical, their charges are balanced and the atom as a whole is electrically neutral.
• Atoms that differ only in the amount of neutrons are called isotopes .
• The science department that deals with the study of elementary particles is elementary particle physics.
• Currently, as many as several hundred of various elementary particles are known. We consider quarks, leptons and bosons transmitting interactions to be "truly" elemental (i.e. without internal structure).
• Elementary particles can be divided into stable and unstable. The currently known permanent particles are: proton, electron, all neutrinos and photon.

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